What phenomenon occurs in a compressor when it experiences liquid slugging?

When a compressor experiences liquid slugging, it means that liquid refrigerant enters the compressor, which is designed to compress gas only. This condition results in a decrease in compressor capacity. The presence of liquid can lead to a number of issues: it can cause a hydraulic lock, where the compressor struggles to compress the liquid, potentially leading to increased wear and tear, or even damage to the compressor itself. Additionally, the compressor cannot effectively handle the extra liquid that it is designed to compress as a gas, which leads to lower efficiency in cooling output and a resultant decrease in the overall capacity of the compressor to perform its intended function.

Understanding this phenomenon is crucial for technicians, as preventing liquid slugging helps maintain optimal compressor performance and helps avoid costly repairs. Reducing cases of liquid slugging involves ensuring that the system is properly charged with refrigerant and that components such as the accumulator or receiver/dryer are functioning effectively to separate liquid from gas before it enters the compressor.