What is the primary purpose of the condenser in a refrigeration system?

The primary purpose of the condenser in a refrigeration system is to convert refrigerant vapor to liquid. This process occurs after the refrigerant has absorbed heat from the refrigerated space and is now in vapor form. As the vapor flows into the condenser, it releases heat to the surrounding environment, typically via air or water, causing it to cool down and change phase. The transition from vapor to liquid is essential for the refrigeration cycle to continue, allowing the refrigerant to circulate back to the evaporator, where it will absorb heat again.

The process in the condenser ensures that the refrigerant is in the correct state—liquid—before it moves to the expansion valve. This transformation is crucial in maintaining the efficiency and effectiveness of the refrigeration system, as it directly affects the system's ability to remove heat from the space being cooled.